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计算机相关课程
==================================================================================
计算机导论               Introduction to Computer Science
高等数学                Advanced Mathematics
应用创造学             Creativity Methodology
工程图学与计算机绘图            Engineering Graphics and Computer Graphics Drawings
面向对象程序设计               Object-oriented Programming
概率论与数理统计               Probability Theory and Statistics
离散数学               Discrete Mathematics
软件工程概论               Introduction to Software Engineering
数据结构                Data Structures
计算机组成与结构              Computer Organization and Architecture
操作系统                Operating System
计算机网络             Computer Network
算法设计与分析            Algorithm Design and Analysis
软件工程经济学            Software Engineering Economics
Java技术                Java Technology
UML建模               UML Modeling (Unified Modeling Language Modeling)
数据库系统概论            Introduction to Database Systems
编译原理                Principle of Compiler
软件体系结构               Software Architecture
程序分析                Program Analysis
软件过程与项目管理            Software Process and Project Management
系统分析与设计            System Analysis and Design
程序测试                Program Testing
模式识别          Pattern Recognition
嵌入式程序设计      Embedded Programming
人机交互技术               Human-computer Interaction Technology
云计算             Cloud Computing
计算机与网络安全               Computer and Network Security
计算机图形学               Computer Graphics
数据挖掘技术               Data Mining Technology
分布对象技术               Distributed Object Technology
网络多媒体             Internet Multimedia
网络程序设计               Network Programming
.NET程序设计              .NET Programming Design
协议工程                Protocol Engineering
=================================================================================
操作系统相关术语
=================================================================================
虚拟机             Virtual Machine
访问控制列表               Access Control List
线程               Thread
多线程             Multithreading
进程                Process
守护进程               Daemon
进程间通信             IPC (Interprocess Communication)
死锁                Deadlock
银行家算法             Banker’s  algorithm
内存管理                Memory management
虚拟地址                Virtual address
物理地址                Physical address
引导盘             Boot Disk
页面失效                Page Fault
后台进程/前台进程              Background Process /Foreground Process
文件传送协议               FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
图形用户界面               GUI (Graphical User Interface)
权限                Permission
移植                Port/Ported/Porting
可移植系统接口           Portable Operating System Interface
分时                Time-sharing
工作区             Workspace
工作目录               Working Directory
窗口管理器             Window Manager
封装器             Wrapper
================================================================================
算法相关术语
================================================================================
字典                Dictionaries
堆              Heap
优先级队列             Priority queue
矩阵乘法                Matrix multiplication
贪心算法                Greedy algorithm
上界/下界               Upper bound / Lower bound
最好情况/最坏情况/平均情况      Best case /Worst Case/ Average case
插入排序               Insertion sort
合并排序                Merge sort
堆排序             Heap sort
快速排序                Quick sort
动态规划                DP (Dynamic Programming)
背包问题                Knapsack problem
霍夫曼编码            Huffman Coding
迪杰斯特拉算法            Dijkstra’s algorithm
贝尔曼-福德算法          Bellman-Ford algorithm
弗洛伊德算法               Floyd-Warshall algorithm
回溯                Back-Tracking
N皇后问题             N-Queen problem
渐进增长         Asymptotic growth
线性规划                Linear programming
随机数生成             Random number generation
图的生成                Generating graphs
图论-多项式算法          Graph Problems – polynomial algorithm      
连通分支                Connected components
最小生成树             Minimum Spanning Tree      
最短路径                Shortest path
NP问题            Non-Deterministic Polynomial problem
旅行商问题             Traveling salesman problem
同构                Graph isomorphism
压缩                Text compression
最长公共子串               Longest Common Substring
最短公共父串               Shortest Common Superstring
收敛速度                Rate of convergence  
=================================================================================
数据结构相关术语
=================================================================================
集合                Set Data Structures
线性方程组             Linear Equations
数据抽象               Data abstraction
数据元素               Data element
数据对象               Data object
数据类型                Data type
逻辑结构                Logical structure
物理结构                Physical structure
线性结构/非线性结构           Linear structure / Nonlinear structure
线性表             Linear list
栈              Stack
队列                Queue
串              String
图             Graph
插入                Insertion
删除                Deletion
前趋               Predecessor
后继               Successor
直接前趋               Immediate predecessor
直接后继                Immediate successor
双端列表                Double-ended queue
循环队列                Circular queue
指针         Pointer
先进先出表(队列)            First-in first-out list
后进先出表(队列)            Last-in first-out list
栈底/栈顶               Bottom/Top
入栈/出栈               Push/Pop
队头/队尾               Front/Rear
上溢/下溢               Overflow/ Underflow
数组                Array
矩阵                Matrix
多维数组                Multi-dimensional array
以行为主/以列为主的顺序分配     Row major order / Column major order
三角矩阵                Triangular matrix
对称矩阵                Symmetric matrix
稀疏矩阵                Sparse matrix
转置矩阵                Transposed matrix
链表                Linked list
线性链表                Linear linked list
单链表             Single linked list
多重链表                Multilinked list
循环链表                Circular linked list
双向链表                Doubly linked list
十字链表                Orthogonal list
广义表             Generalized list
指针域            Pointer field
头结点            Head node
头指针/尾指针              Head pointer/ Tail pointer
空白串             Blank string
空串(零串)   Null string
子串                Substring
树              Tree
子树                Subtree
森林               Forest
根              Root
叶子                Leaf
深度                Depth
双亲/孩子/兄弟/祖先/子孙    Parents/ Children/ Brother/ Ancestor/ Descendant
二叉树             Binary tree
平衡二叉树             Balanced binary tree
满二叉树                Full binary tree
完全二叉树             Complete binary tree
遍历二叉树            Traversing binary tree
二叉排序树             Binary sort tree
二叉查找树             Binary search tree
线索二叉树             Threaded binary tree
哈夫曼树                Huffman tree
有序树/无序树              Ordered tree / Unordered tree
判定树            Decision tree
数字查找树             Digital search tree
树的遍历                Traversal of tree
先序遍历                Preorder traversal
中序遍历                Inorder traversal
后序遍历                Postorder traversal
子图                Subgraph
有向图/无向图              Digraph(directed graph)/Undigraph(undirected graph)
完全图             Complete graph
连通图             Connected graph
非连通图                Unconnected graph
强连通图                Strongly connected graph
弱连通图                Weakly connected graph
有向无环图             Directed acyclic graph
重连通图                Biconnected graph
二部图             Bipartite graph
边              Edge
顶点                Vertex
连接点            Articulation point
初始结点                Initial node
终端结点                Terminal node
相邻边             Adjacent edge
相邻顶点                Adjacent vertex
关联边             Incident edge
入度/出度               In-degree/ Out-degree
有序对/无序对              Ordered pair/ Unordered pair
简单路径                Simple path
简单回路                Simple cycle
连通分量                Connected component
邻接矩阵                Adjacency matrix
邻接表             Adjacency list
邻接多重表             Adjacency multi-list
遍历图             Traversing graph
生成树             Spanning tree
拓扑排序                Topological sort
偏序                Partial order
 AOV网            Activity On Vertex network
 AOE网            Activity On Edge network
关键路径                Critical path
线性查找(顺序查找)            Linear search (Sequential search)
二分查找                Binary search
分块查找                Block search
散列查找                Hash search
平均查找长度               Average search length
散列表             Hash table
散列函数                Hash function
直接定址法             Immediately allocating method
数字分析法             Digital analysis method
平方取中法             Mid-square method
随机数法          Random number method
内部排序                Internal sort
外部排序                External sort
选择排序                Selection sort
基数排序                Radix sort
平衡归并排序               Balance merging sort
二路平衡归并排序               Balance two-way merging sort
多步归并排序               Ploy phase merging sort
置换选择排序               Replacement selection sort
索引文件                Indexed file
索引顺序文件               Indexed sequential file
索引非顺序文件            Indexed non-sequential file
多重链表文件               Multi-list file
倒排文件               Inverted file
========================================================================
计算机网络相关术语
========================================================================
端口                Port
服务器             Server
客户端             Client
服务访问点             SAP (Service Access Point)
开放系统互联               OSI (Open System Interconnection)
物理层             Physical layer
数据链路层             Data link layer
网络层             Network layer
运输层             Transport layer
会话层             Session layer
表示层             Presentation layer
应用层             Application layer
TCP/IP协议            TCP / IP protocol
信道容量                Channel capacity
香农                Shannon
奈奎斯特                Nyquist
双绞线             UTP (Unshielded Twisted Paired)
同轴电缆                Coaxial cable
光纤                Optical fiber
不归零码                NRZ (Non Return to Zero)
曼彻斯特编码               Manchester coding
调制                Modulation
脉码调制               PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)
增量调制                DM (Delta Modulation)
同步传输/异步传输              Synchronous transmission / ATM (Asynchronous transmission)
循环冗余校验               CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check)
流量控制                Flow control
滑动窗口                Sliding window
差错控制                Error control
帧结构             Frame structure
复用                Reuse     
非对称数字用户线路            ADSL (Asymmetric digital subscriber line)
电路交换和分组交换            Circuit switching and packet switching
频分多路复用              Frequency division multiplexing
信令                      Signaling
数据报                   Datagram
虚电路                   Virtual circuit
帧中继                   Frame relay   
信元                      Ceil
拥塞                      Congestion
反压                      Back pressure
令牌桶                   Token bucket
环形/总线形/树形和星形结构      Ring/ bus/ tree and star structure        
局域网                   LAN (local area network)
集线器                   Hub
交换机                   Switch
路由器                   Router
网桥                      Network bridge
以太网监听算法            Ethernet listener algorithm
子网掩码                Subnet mask
三次握手                Three-way handshake
地址解析协议               APP (Address resolution protocol)
瘦客户机                Thin client
网际控制报文协议               ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)
因特网群组管理协议            IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)
拒绝服务                Denial of service
边界网关                Border gateway
域名系统                DNS (Domain Name System)
数据链路控制               DLC (Data Link Control)
互联网电子邮件协议标准          POP (Post Office Protocol)
远程控制                Remote control
简单邮件传送协议               SMTP (Simple Mail Transport Protocol)

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/FFCC66/p/9625522.html

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